Inhalers 101: What They Are and Why They Matter

If you have asthma, COPD, or any breathing trouble, an inhaler is probably part of your daily routine. It’s a tiny device that sprays medication right into your lungs, where it works fastest. There are two big families: metered‑dose inhalers (MDIs) that use a propellant to push out a puff, and dry powder inhalers (DPIs) that rely on your breath to disperse the powder. Knowing which one you have helps you use it the right way.

How to Use a Metered‑Dose Inhaler (MDI)

MDIs feel like a small canister with a mouthpiece. Here’s a step‑by‑step routine you can do in under a minute:

• Shake it – give the inhaler a good shake for about five seconds. This mixes the medication.
• Breathe out – breathe fully, but not forcefully, to empty your lungs.
• Seal your lips – place the mouthpiece between your teeth and close your lips around it.
• Press and inhale – press down on the canister once while slowly breathing in over 3‑5 seconds.
• Hold your breath – pause for 10 seconds if you can, then breathe out gently.

If you need a second puff, wait about 30 seconds, then repeat the steps.

How to Use a Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI)

DPIs don’t have propellants, so the technique is a bit different. Follow these steps:

• Load the dose – many DPIs have a twist or click to load a dose. Make sure you hear or feel it.
• Exhale fully – blow out completely, but keep the inhaler away from your mouth to avoid moisture.
• Seal and inhale – put the mouthpiece in your mouth, close lips, then breathe in fast and deep. You only need one strong breath.
• Hold briefly – keep the breath for a couple of seconds, then exhale slowly.

DPIs often need a single breath, so practice the quick, sharp inhale.

Now that you’ve got the basics, here are a few quick tips to get the most out of any inhaler:

• Clean it regularly – wipe the mouthpiece with a dry cloth once a week. For MDIs, remove the canister and rinse the tip with warm water, then let it air dry.
• Check the dose counter – most modern inhalers show how many puffs are left. Don’t wait until it’s empty.
• Use a spacer – if you have trouble coordinating the press‑and‑inhale step with an MDI, a spacer makes the medication easier to reach your lungs.
• Store properly – keep inhalers at room temperature, away from heat and direct sunlight.
• Know when to seek help – if you still wheeze after two puffs, or your rescue inhaler isn’t helping, call a doctor or emergency services.

Inhalers are simple devices, but the right technique can make a massive difference in how well your medication works. Spend a minute each day practicing the steps, keep your device clean, and you’ll breathe easier. Got more questions? Check out our other articles on specific inhaler models, like the Breo Ellipta or generic options, for deeper dives into cost‑saving tricks and latest updates.